Cleft Lip and Palate

What is Cleft Lip and Palate?

Cleft lip and palate are birth defects that occur when the lip and/or roof of the mouth don't form properly during fetal development. A cleft lip is a physical split or separation of the two sides of the upper lip, while a cleft palate is an opening in the roof of the mouth.

Causes and Risk Factors

The exact cause of cleft lip and palate is not fully understood, but it's believed to result from a combination of genetic and environmental factors. Risk factors may include family history, maternal smoking or alcohol use during pregnancy, certain medications, and nutritional deficiencies.

Treatment Timeline

Treatment for cleft lip and palate typically involves a series of surgeries and ongoing care:

• Cleft lip repair: Usually performed between 3-6 months of age
• Cleft palate repair: Typically done between 9-18 months of age
• Additional surgeries may be needed as the child grows
• Ongoing dental and orthodontic care

Surgical Procedures

Oral surgeons work as part of a multidisciplinary team that may include plastic surgeons, pediatricians, speech therapists, and orthodontists. The surgical procedures aim to:

• Close the cleft and restore normal function
• Improve speech and feeding abilities
• Enhance facial appearance and symmetry
• Prevent complications such as ear infections

Long-term Care

Children with cleft lip and palate require ongoing care throughout their development, including regular dental checkups, orthodontic treatment, speech therapy, and potential additional surgeries during adolescence or adulthood.

Support and Resources

Families affected by cleft lip and palate can benefit from support groups, educational resources, and specialized care teams. Early intervention and comprehensive treatment planning are essential for optimal outcomes.