Fluoride and Your Child
Understanding the importance of fluoride in preventing tooth decay and maintaining your child's dental health
What is Fluoride?
Fluoride is a naturally occurring mineral that helps prevent tooth decay by making the tooth enamel more resistant to acid attacks from plaque bacteria and sugars in the mouth. It also reverses early decay by remineralizing the tooth surface.
How Fluoride Works
When fluoride is present in the mouth, it becomes incorporated into the developing teeth and makes the enamel stronger. It also helps repair early tooth decay by remineralizing areas that have been damaged by acid. Fluoride works in two ways: systemically (when ingested) and topically (when applied to the teeth).
Sources of Fluoride
- Fluoridated water: Many communities add fluoride to their water supply
- Fluoride toothpaste: Most toothpastes contain fluoride
- Fluoride mouth rinses: Available over-the-counter or by prescription
- Professional fluoride treatments: Applied by dentists during check-ups
- Fluoride supplements: Prescribed by dentists when needed
When Should Children Start Using Fluoride?
Children should start using fluoride toothpaste as soon as their first tooth appears. For children under 3 years old, use a smear of fluoride toothpaste (about the size of a grain of rice). For children 3-6 years old, use a pea-sized amount. Always supervise young children to ensure they don't swallow the toothpaste.
Professional Fluoride Treatments
During regular dental check-ups, your child's dentist may apply a fluoride treatment. This involves applying a concentrated fluoride gel, foam, or varnish to the teeth. These treatments provide a higher concentration of fluoride than toothpaste and can help strengthen the teeth and prevent cavities.
Fluoride Supplements
In areas where the water supply is not fluoridated, your child's dentist may recommend fluoride supplements. These are available as drops for infants or tablets for older children. The dosage depends on the child's age and the fluoride content of your local water supply.
Safety Considerations
While fluoride is safe and effective when used properly, excessive fluoride intake can cause fluorosis, a condition that affects the appearance of the teeth. Fluorosis typically appears as white spots or streaks on the teeth and is usually mild. To prevent fluorosis, ensure your child uses the appropriate amount of fluoride toothpaste and doesn't swallow it.
Benefits of Fluoride for Children
- Prevents tooth decay and cavities
- Strengthens tooth enamel
- Reverses early signs of decay
- Reduces the need for expensive dental treatments
- Helps maintain good oral health throughout life
Important Note
Always consult with your child's dentist about the appropriate use of fluoride for your child's specific needs. The dentist can assess your child's risk for cavities and recommend the most appropriate fluoride regimen.